HTML5 Canvas

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Complete Project – Building the Full Game

In this final project chapter, we will combine everything we've learned to build a complete game using canvas. This simple game will incorporate character movement, collision detection, a scoring system, sound effects, and a basic HUD. This final project will allow you to apply and consolidate the knowledge acquired in previous chapters.

Step 1: Setting Up the Canvas and Initial Variables

Let's start by creating the basic HTML file and setting up the canvas element with the necessary initial variables.

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"In the HTML file, we set up the canvas element with a size of eight hundred by six hundred pixels, and link an external JavaScript file called game.js."

Now, in the game.js file, we initialize the canvas, the 2D context, and some variables for the player, obstacles, and scoring.

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"Here we initialize the canvas, the 2D context, and create the player object, which represents the character, with properties such as position, size, and speed. We also define an obstacles array to store obstacles and a score variable for the score."

Step 2: Player Movement

We add keyboard controls to move the player up and down.

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"Here we set up keyboard events to move the player on the Y-axis, allowing them to move up and down with the arrow keys."

Step 3: Creating and Moving Obstacles

To add obstacles to the game, we create a function that generates obstacles and moves them to the left.

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"The createObstacle function generates obstacles with random heights and positions and adds them to the obstacles array. Then, updateObstacles moves each obstacle to the left and removes obstacles that go off the canvas."

Step 4: Collision Detection

We implement a function to detect collisions between the player and obstacles.

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"The checkCollisions function compares the player's position with each obstacle in the obstacles array. If it detects an overlap, it stops the game and displays a Game Over alert."

Step 5: Scoring and HUD

We increase the score while the game is running and display it on screen.

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"Here we set up a drawScore function that displays the score in the top left corner of the canvas."

Step 6: Game Loop

Finally, we create a game loop that updates and draws all elements on the canvas.

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"The gameLoop function is the core of the game. It clears the canvas on each cycle, updates the score, checks for collisions, and draws the player and obstacles. We use requestAnimationFrame to keep the loop going while gameRunning is true."

Step 7: Final Polishing and Testing

We review and test the game to make sure the controls work and the difficulty is appropriate. You can also adjust the player's speed, obstacle creation time, and score increment to balance gameplay.

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